Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions
Article 78
Translation Notice
This is an unofficial English translation prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice. In case of any discrepancy, the official Chinese text published by the competent authority shall prevail.
本文为非官方英文翻译，仅供一般信息参考，不构成法律意见。如与主管机关发布的中文正式文本不一致，以中文正式文本为准。
Chinese Original
第七十八条 本法下列用语的含义： （一）网络，是指由计算机或者其他信息终端及相关设备组成的按照一定的规则和程序对信息进行收集、存储、传输、交换、处理的系统。 （二）网络安全，是指通过采取必要措施，防范对网络的攻击、侵入、干扰、破坏和非法使用以及意外事故，使网络处于稳定可靠运行的状态，以及保障网络数据的完整性、保密性、可用性的能力。 （三）网络运营者，是指网络的所有者、管理者和网络服务提供者。 （四）网络数据，是指通过网络收集、存储、传输、处理和产生的各种电子数据。 （五）个人信息，是指以电子或者其他方式记录的能够单独或者与其他信息结合识别自然人个人身份的各种信息，包括但不限于自然人的姓名、出生日期、身份证件号码、个人生物识别信息、住址、电话号码等。
English Translation
The terms used in this Law have the following meanings: (1) Network means a system composed of computers or other information terminals and related equipment that collects, stores, transmits, exchanges, and processes information according to certain rules and procedures. (2) Cybersecurity means the prevention, through necessary measures, of attacks, intrusions, interference, destruction, illegal use of networks, and accidents, so that networks are in a stable and reliable operating state, and the capability to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of network data. (3) Network operators means network owners, administrators, and entities providing network services. (4) Network data means all kinds of electronic data collected, stored, transmitted, processed, and generated through networks. (5) Personal information means all kinds of information recorded by electronic or other means that can identify the personal identity of a natural person either alone or in combination with other information, including but not limited to the natural person's name, date of birth, identity document number, personal biometric information, address, and telephone number.
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