Chapter VI Legal Liability
Article 45
Translation Notice
This is an unofficial English translation prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice. In case of any discrepancy, the official Chinese text published by the competent authority shall prevail.
本文为非官方英文翻译，仅供一般信息参考，不构成法律意见。如与主管机关发布的中文正式文本不一致，以中文正式文本为准。
Chinese Original
第四十五条 开展数据处理活动的组织、个人不履行本法第二十七条、第二十九条、第三十条规定的数据安全保护义务的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告，可以并处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员可以处一万元以上十万元以下罚款；拒不改正或者造成大量数据泄露等严重后果的，处五十万元以上二百万元以下罚款，并可以责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处五万元以上二十万元以下罚款。 违反国家核心数据管理制度，危害国家主权、安全和发展利益的，由有关主管部门处二百万元以上一千万元以下罚款，并根据情况责令暂停相关业务、停业整顿、吊销相关业务许可证或者吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
English Translation
Where an organization or individual carrying out data processing activities fails to perform the data security protection obligations provided in Articles 27, 29, and 30 of this Law, the relevant competent department shall order correction, give a warning, and may impose a fine of not less than RMB 50,000 and not more than RMB 500,000; the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel may be fined not less than RMB 10,000 and not more than RMB 100,000. Where correction is refused or serious consequences such as a large amount of data leakage are caused, a fine of not less than RMB 500,000 and not more than RMB 2,000,000 shall be imposed, and the relevant business may be ordered to suspend, the business may be suspended for rectification, the relevant business permit may be revoked, or the business license may be revoked; the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be fined not less than RMB 50,000 and not more than RMB 200,000. Where the management system for national core data is violated and national sovereignty, security, or development interests are endangered, the relevant competent department shall impose a fine of not less than RMB 2,000,000 and not more than RMB 10,000,000, and may, according to the circumstances, order suspension of relevant business, suspension of business for rectification, revocation of the relevant business permit, or revocation of the business license. Where a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with law.
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